Nack All
Negative-acknowledge all messages in a poll response
Overview
Bulk nack rejects an entire polled batch of queue messages in a single call instead of settling each one individually. It's the operation you reach for when a failure affects the whole batch at once — a downstream dependency is down, a shared resource lock couldn't be acquired, or a transient error means none of the messages can be processed right now — and retrying them one-by-one would just be extra round-trips for the same outcome.
It works with manual-ack polling: receiver->Poll with auto_ack = false holds the returned messages without settling them, and poll_result->NackAll() sends one negative-acknowledge that settles every message in that result, returning them all to the queue for redelivery.
Gotchas: the receive count increments on every message in the batch, so an unbounded retry loop is one bad NackAll() away — pair it with SetMaxReceiveCount and a dead-letter policy. NackAll() is all-or-nothing: you can't use it to keep a few messages and reject the rest — that needs AckAll()/ReQueueAll() semantics or per-message settlement. And calling it on an empty result is a wasted round-trip, so guard on !poll_result->messages().empty() first.
Prerequisites
- KubeMQ server running on
localhost:50000 - C++ SDK installed (vcpkg or CMake FetchContent)
- C++17 compiler (GCC 9+, Clang 9+, MSVC 2019+)
Code
// Example: queues_stream/nack_all
//
// Demonstrates rejecting all messages in a transaction using NackAll.
// Rejected messages are returned to the queue for reprocessing (up to
// the MaxReceiveCount limit, after which they are discarded).
//
// Channel: cpp-queues.nack-all
// Client ID: cpp-queues-nack-all-client
//
// Run with a KubeMQ server on localhost:50000
// (see https://docs.kubemq.io/deploy).
#include <kubemq/kubemq.h>
#include <iostream>
int main() {
std::cout << "[1] Connecting to localhost:50000" << std::endl;
kubemq::ClientOptions options;
options.set_address("localhost", 50000);
options.set_client_id("cpp-queues-nack-all-client");
auto client_result = kubemq::Client::Create(options);
if (!client_result.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] Failed to create client: " << client_result.status().message()
<< std::endl;
return 1;
}
auto& client = *client_result;
std::string channel = "cpp-queues.nack-all";
// Send a message with a receive policy so the server knows how to
// handle it after rejection (re-deliver up to 3 times).
std::cout << "[2] Sending message with max_receive_count=3" << std::endl;
auto msg_result = kubemq::QueueMessage::Builder()
.SetChannel(channel)
.SetBody("will be nacked")
.SetMaxReceiveCount(3)
.Build();
if (!msg_result.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] Build message: " << msg_result.status().message() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
auto send_result = client->SendQueueMessage(*msg_result);
if (!send_result.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] SendQueueMessage: " << send_result.status().message() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "[3] Message sent" << std::endl;
// Receive the message via downstream receiver.
std::cout << "[4] Opening downstream receiver" << std::endl;
auto receiver_result = client->NewQueueDownstreamReceiver();
if (!receiver_result.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] NewQueueDownstreamReceiver: " << receiver_result.status().message()
<< std::endl;
return 1;
}
auto& receiver = *receiver_result;
kubemq::PollRequest poll_req;
poll_req.channel = channel;
poll_req.max_items = 10;
poll_req.wait_timeout_seconds = 5;
poll_req.auto_ack = false;
auto poll_result = receiver->Poll(poll_req);
if (!poll_result.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] Poll: " << poll_result.status().message() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
if (poll_result->is_error()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] Poll response: " << poll_result->error() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "[5] Received " << poll_result->messages().size() << " messages" << std::endl;
for (const auto& dm : poll_result->messages()) {
std::cout << " body=" << dm.message().body() << " tx=" << dm.transaction_id() << std::endl;
}
// NackAll: reject all messages in the transaction (return to queue).
if (!poll_result->messages().empty()) {
std::cout << "[6] NackAll: rejecting all messages" << std::endl;
auto nack_status = poll_result->NackAll();
if (!nack_status.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] NackAll: " << nack_status.message() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "[7] All messages rejected (returned to queue)" << std::endl;
}
// Close resources explicitly.
// Note: Destructors also handle cleanup, but explicit calls are shown
// for clarity and to match Go's defer pattern.
receiver->Close();
auto close_status = client->Close();
if (!close_status.ok()) {
std::cerr << "[ERROR] Close failed: " << close_status.message() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
std::cout << "[8] Client closed" << std::endl;
return 0;
}How It Works
- Receives messages and negative-acknowledges all with
poll_result->NackAll(). - Nacked messages are returned to the queue for redelivery.
- Useful when a batch of messages cannot be processed (e.g., downstream unavailable).
- Compare with
AckAll()andReQueueAll()for other settlement patterns.
Related
Was this page helpful?